31 June 2022
Summary
During my research at NTU's Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) program, I explored innovative lattice designs for 3D printing under Dr. Lai Chang Quan. This project aimed to eliminate internal voids in lattice structures and optimize their mechanical properties, using tools like SolidWorks and COMSOL Multiphysics. Our findings revealed superior designs, which contributed to a co-authored paper currently under review. This hands-on experience was challenging yet rewarding, enhancing my technical skills and confirming my passion for research. It solidified my decision to pursue postgraduate studies and motivates me to engage in future research opportunities.
Introduction
During my research through NTU's Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) program, I investigated novel lattice designs for 3D printing under the guidance of Dr. Lai Chang Quan. This research opportunity significantly contributed to my understanding of research methodologies and solidified my interest in postgraduate studies.
Our research focused on developing a novel lattice design composed of two different types of unit cells to eliminate internal voids and optimize mechanical properties. Many lattice designs have internal voids, making them challenging to 3D print due to difficulties in removing support structures. Our goal was to design a symmetrical lattice that avoids these voids while enhancing mechanical properties.
Methodology
The research methodology involved three major steps:
- Design: Using SolidWorks, I designed symmetrical lattices comprising two types of unit cells: plate and truss. Sixteen unique 3x3x3 symmetrical lattices were created.
- Analysis: Using COMSOL Multiphysics, I conducted stress and strain analyses on each lattice design. The fixed strain and corresponding stress data were used to calculate the elastic modulus, identifying designs with superior mechanical properties.
- Optimization: I optimized the thickness of the unit cells to maximize the elastic modulus at a given relative density, ensuring the lattice had no internal voids while maintaining optimal mechanical properties.
Results
The key findings from the simulation and optimization process were:
- Lattices with 7 and 19 plate simple cubic unit cells demonstrated exceptional mechanical properties.
- Lattice with 19 plate simple cubic unit cells showed optimal mechanical properties across almost all relative densities.
- Lattice with 20 plate simple cubic unit cells showed optimal properties at 0.5 and 0.6 relative densities.
- Composite lattices with optimized structure and thickness achieved relative modulus comparable to pure lattices, without internal voids.
My work contributed to a paper titled "Bioinspired Compound Nested Lattices with Programmable Isotropy and Elastic Stiffness Up to Theoretical Limit," in which I am a co-author. The paper was published in journal Composites Part B: Engineering. [doi]
Skills
Throughout the experience, I acquired or enhanced the following skills:
- CAD (SolidWorks)
- Multiphysics analysis and finite element analysis (COMSOL)
- Literature review
- Research planning and execution
- Data collection and processing
- Journal/Paper writing
Reflection
The transition from classroom learning to hands-on research was challenging. I had to be self-directed, formulate my own research questions, and develop methodologies. Conducting literature reviews and bridging knowledge gaps were particularly difficult.
I am grateful for the guidance of Dr. Lai Chang Quan and Dr. Ian, who provided invaluable support and advice. They taught me essential research skills and helped me navigate through challenges. With their support, I learned that research is not always straightforward and that it requires patience and perseverance.
This experience confirmed my passion for research and clarified my career path. Prior to this experience, I was uncertain about my pursuit of career in research. Now, I understand both the challenges and rewards research has to offer. I now feel confident in pursuing postgraduate studies, eager to push beyond the boundaries of human knowledge and make significant impacts in my field.
Conclusion
Throughout my research journey with NTU's Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) program, I delved into innovative lattice designs for 3D printing under the mentorship of Dr. Lai Chang Quan. This invaluable experience provided a robust understanding of research methodologies and cemented my interest in pursuing postgraduate studies. We successfully developed novel symmetrical lattice designs optimized for 3D printing, demonstrating superior mechanical properties without internal voids.
This research not only enhanced my technical skills in design and analysis using tools like SolidWorks and COMSOL Multiphysics but also honed my ability to independently formulate research questions and develop effective methodologies. The support and guidance from Dr. Lai Chang Quan and Dr. Ian were crucial in navigating the complexities of the research process and overcoming the challenges I faced.
Reflecting on this experience, I realize how stepping out of my comfort zone and embracing new challenges contributed to my personal and professional growth. The journey, despite its difficulties, was immensely rewarding and confirmed my passion for research. This project stands as a significant milestone in my portfolio, showcasing my ability to contribute meaningfully to advanced research.
In conclusion, this research experience has been a transformative journey, reinforcing my dedication to exploring new frontiers in my field. I eagerly look forward to engaging in future research opportunities, driven by the desire to push the boundaries of human knowledge and achieve impactful outcomes.